Thursday, March 24, 2011

Petition against Janine Saxe, Robert Machen and Judge Gaylord Finch




To: The Honorable Attorney General John D. Ashcroft. The Honorable Governor Mark Warner. The Honorable Judges of Fairfax County, Virginia. The Honorable Senators, Congressmen, Legislators, Children's rights organizations. Fairfax County Supervisors, Church Groups, Family rights activists, Residents of Fairfax County and Virginia.

We need your help and support.

Two innocent little children (Sveta "5 Years" and Lisa "3 years") have been the tiniest victims of these two attorneys manipulations the last two and a half years.

Friends of Little Sveta and Lisa would like to bring awareness and help end this abuse by Mr. Robert B. Machen and Ms. Janine M. Saxe ( guardian ad litem for the children).

Ms. Janine Saxe and Mr. Robert Machen are wasting Tens of Thousands of tax payer dollars undermining fit parents, misleading and abusing our court system, setting one parent against the other, false reporting to courts, state and federal agencies, separating and abusing the Jagannathan family while profiting unethically from their actions.

This is unacceptable, and should not be tolerated here in the U.S or anywhere else in the world. Little Sveta and Lisa have been subjected to suffering and their young minds abused and manipulated by the destructive actions of Ms. Janine Saxe and Mr. Robert Machen.

We demand Ms. Saxe and Mr. Machen be removed from the lives of little Sveta and Lisa.

We demand Ms. Saxe and Mr. Machen be held accountable, brought to justice, and punished. We demand an independent investigation.

We request wide dissemination of this material. Thank you for signing this petition.

Whereas, Ms. Janine M. Saxe and Mr. Robert B. Machen's malicious acts are an act of emotional and psychological terrorism against the little children, against parents and against a family;

Whereas, for Children and Parents there can be nothing in life experience more devastating than the abrupt, brutal, and unwarranted enforced separation due to the abusive and manipulative tactics of Ms. Saxe and Mr. Machen;

Whereas, The parent-child bond is the strongest instinct, superseding all else and is protected by our constitutional rights;

Whereas, Ms. Saxe was made aware of Attorney Robert Machens' past record of malpractice including, falsifying documents and evidence;

Whereas, The Virginia State Bar had disciplined Mr. Machen, reprimanding him twice and suspending his license for falsifying documents. He has had district committee sanctions leveled against him.

Three Judges appointed by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia, Honorable Judge Thomas D. Thorne, Judge Dickson L. Foster, Judge Robert K. Woltz had found by clear and convincing evidence that Mr. Machen engaged in conduct for personal advantage, involving deceit that reflects adversely on his fitness to practice law and found him guilty under DR1-102(A)(4) of code of professional responsibility.

The Organization - Citizen for Legal Reform reports Mr. Machen has engaged in conduct which tends to undermine the administration of justice and to bring legal businesses into disrepute;

Whereas, Ms. Saxe was made aware of Rule 3.4 of the Virginia State Bar Rules of Professional Conduct for attorneys.

A Lawyer shall not Falsify Evidence. Counsel or assist a witness to testify falsely;

Whereas, Ms. Janine Saxe failed to abide by the Virginia State Bar code when she violated Rule 8.4 Rules of Professional conduct (A Lawyer's obligation to report misconduct to disciplinary authorities is absolute, and is stronger than the policy against disclosing confidential material surrendered during discovery.
 Therefore a Lawyer who suspects unethical conduct by another lawyer can include information uncovered during this litigation in an unsealed counterclaim, despite the protective order protecting the material);

Whereas, Attorney Mr. Machen repeatedly filed false papers and made false statements in court that were not supported by evidence, and Ms. Saxe as an attorney and officer of the court is duty bound by law to report such falsifications;

Whereas, white collar child and family abuse by Ms. Saxe and Mr. Machen with no regard or thought to the emotional impact on two little Children (Sveta and Lisa) who have suffered endlessly by the actions of these two attorneys is a violation of the rights or parents guaranteed by the U.S Constitution and the Commonwealth of Virginia;

Whereas, Ms. Saxe and Mr. Machen have abused and undermined the children's interests, the justice system at the expense of the taxpayers, and the Jagannathan's family assets for over two years with deceit and malpractice, while profiting from these abuses by asking for attorney fees and other expenses;

Whereas, to have a parent child bond abruptly severed by the malicious efforts of Ms. Saxe and Mr. Machen giving no consideration to the fear, anxiety, and trauma their actions cause to two little children, is child abuse, a crime against humanity and should not be tolerated in the state of Virginia;

Whereas, Ms. Janine Saxe interests in being a guardian, of the children while advocating denial of visitation to the fit, educated and caring father of Sveta and Lisa;

Whereas, small children believe their parents to be all-powerful, like super heroes. They believe that their parents possess an all-powerful ability to shelter and protect them from any threat;

Whereas, Ms. Saxe and Mr. Machen coercion of a parent into submission under a false pretense and engineering the abduction of their children from all that is safe and familiar to them, a fundamental belief system within the child is broken forever, along with the child's ability to feel safe and secure in their world;

Whereas, Robert Machen attempts to file numerous injective relief, Protective orders in order to separate the parents and the children claiming a new set of abuse allegation each time;

Whereas, spurious child abuse charges maliciously filed with Child Protective Services (CPS) were dismissed as baseless by the CPS, yet Mr. Machen goes to court with a motion the very next week on child abuse and neglect charges;

Whereas, a fax document discovered as evidence of Robert Machens' devious actions in which he conspires to bring criminal false allegation to the FBI, Department of Justice, and the Immigration and Naturalization Service in order to revoke the father of the children's green card in an effort to seize control of the children;

We deplore Ms. Janine M. Saxe and Mr. Robert B. Machen's relentless two and a half year effort at undermining the children's interests, promoting separation, bitterness, acrimony and divorce between the parents by playing one side against the other, filing false documents with Federal and State Agencies including the FBI, Department of Justice, Child Protective Services, Police, The former Immigration and Naturalization Service. NOW THEREFORE,

BE IT RESOLVED that the rights of parent and children to have frequent and continuing contact is a fundamental, joint right of the parent and child with a basis in constitutional case law, which has held that the rights to raise, have access to, and care for one's own children are "more precious than property rights," are "essential"; and that the right to be with one's children is a" natural" right with a higher moral claim than any economic right.

BE IT RESOLVED that the U.S Supreme court has stated consistently as that of parental rights. Ie: In 1923 the Court asserted that the "liberty" protected by the Due Process Clause includes the right of parents to "establish a home and bring up children" and to "control the education of their own." Meyer v. Nebraska. 262 U.S 390, 399, 401, (1923). On June 5, 2000, the Supreme Court declared that

It cannot now be doubted that the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment protects the fundamental right of parents to make decisions concerning the care, custody, and control of their children. Troxel v. Granville ( 530 U.S 2000)

BE IT RESOLVED that Fundamental Constitutional rights are accorded a special status in judicial review. The Fourteenth Amendment prohibits the state from depriving any person of "life, liberty, or property, without due process of law."

BE IT RESOLVED that the actions of Ms. Janine Saxe and Mr. Robert Machen are a infringement of parental rights guaranteed under our constitution. Such acts of deprivation must occur only when there is a compelling state interest served by interfering with these rights and there is no more constitutionally benign way to achieve this compelling state interest.

BE IT RESOLVED that there has never been any evidence presented that, the retention of parental rights by both parents would compromise a compelling state interest.

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that We assert and affirm our rights under the constitution to protect and defend our children from the likes of Janine M. Saxe and Robert B. Machen.

Thank you for taking the time to read and sign this petition.

Friends of Sveta and Lisa

Walter Johnson

Email: wjohnsonva@lycos.com









Fairfax judge’s performance questioned
January 19th, 2009 · 4 Comments · General Assembly, Judicial Elections
The Northern Virginia delegation to the General Assembly wants to take a second look at Fairfax Circuit Judge Gaylord L. Finch Jr., who is up for reappointment for an eight-year term.

Last Thursday, the House and Senate Courts of Justice Committees certified to the legislature all other incumbent judges seeking reappointment. The General Assembly is scheduled to act on them Thursday.

The delegation asked for Finch’s name to be pulled so that it can give further consideration to complaints about his performance.

Del. David B. Albo, the Fairfax Republican who chairs the house courts committee, said much of the criticism has come from domestic relations litigants who disagreed with Finch’s decisions.

Albo said he has been told that Finch often rules from the bench without explaining the reasons for his decision, and the loser is left with the impression that he or she hasn’t been heard.

Other county residents complained about Finch’s handling of litigation over a change in school-district boundaries.

Two other incumbents, Chesterfield Circuit Judge Timothy J. Hauler and Jacqueline G. Waymack, a J&DR judge who sits in the district that includes Hopewell and Prince George County, were certified but not before a separate votes were taken on them at the request of a committee member. As we reported earlier here and in the VLW’s Dec. 22 edition, both judges were the subject of lengthy hearings before the courts committees.

By Alan Cooper

Judge Finch is a very courteous and considerate judge who in my experience has done an excellent job on the bench. Having been a member of the Virginia State for 30 years and active in the Fairfax Bar Association, I think I have the capability to recognize a good judge when I see one. I am disappointed that any members of the General Assembly would even question his recertification. Thanks.
Sincerely,
Tom Folk
2 Wesley Smith // Jan 21, 2009 at 11:02 am

Delegate Albo is right that there is room to debate Judge Finch’s subjective rulings
where he has to make a judgment call, but when it comes to Constitutionally mandated
procedural requirements, Judge Finch either followed them or he didn’t. In my criminal
trial when he denied me my Constitutional Rights to call witnesses, present evidence,
impeach witnesses, etc, that’s not a judgment call, that is a gross violation of the
Supreme Law of the land. Either Judge Finch is totally incompetent or Judge Finch
intentionally abused his power. Either way he should be removed.

Judged Finch denied me the basics of a fair trial as defined in our constitution. He
accepted the case even though he already had a bias against me due to public comments I
posted about him on my website, refused to recuse himself as required by judicial ethics,
refused to rule on my motion to dismiss, refused to enforce my witness subpoenas, refused
to let me present evidence including an audio recording of the incident to the jury, and
refused to answer a question submitted by the jury during deliberations.

One could argue his decision if he had ruled against my motion to dismiss, but refusing
to rule at all is simply refusing to perform the duties for which his is paid. He said he
didn’t have time to make a ruling, yet he had time, even after an objection was made to
relevance, to let witnesses go on and on about my website which could have no merit in a
trespassing case. Yet he didn’t have time for me to present all the photos and maps I
brought that showed I had left the property. It appeared he wanted to make it clear why
he was denying me a fair trail.

You can read more about the case, including the motions file, audio recordings and
transcripts that were not allowed, on my website:
http://www.liamsdad.org/court_case/trespassing/trespassing.shtml

http://www.liamsdad.org/hall_of_shame/gay_finch.shtml
3 Isidoro Rodriguez, Esq. // Jan 22, 2009 at 10:10 am

Presentation made on January 10, 2009, to members of the General Assembly from N. Va. at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VAkEfjcA5sQ

RE: STOP THE OBSTRUCTION OF THE RIGHTS OF PARENTS BY THE COURTS OF VIRGINIA.

As I have previously written, irrespective of you being either a Democrat, Republican, or an Independent, you must as members of the General Assembly restore the Rule of Law, the integrity, and public confidence in the Courts of Virginia.

Thus, you must vigorously act on my Petition for Investigation and Impeachment of the Judicial Branch and the Office of Attorney General, for violating statutory mandates under both Treaty and VA UCCJEA to obstruct the rights of parents, and violating Va. Code § 54.1-3935, to establish an unauthorized attorney disciplinary system within the Virginia State Bar so to restrict the independence of attorneys in service to the public.

The Virginia Tort Claim Act is unenforceable because the courts now have declared “absolute judicial and ministerial immunity” for criminal and tortious acts outside of jurisdiction or official capacity.

The citizen can no longer easily hold government officials accountable for malfeasance.

Therefore, for the good of the future of our Commonwealth the General Assembly must not permit the ongoing usurping of the power granted only to it.

For the above reasons, I respectfully request that your staffs meet with me to discuss the issues in the attach Petition for Investigation and Impeachment.
4 Gail Lakritz // Feb 14, 2009 at 5:26 am

All judges in Virginia J&DR and Circuit Courts need to have their Courts examined and their rulings questioned.

When judges can assign public tax dollars and the use of pro bono lawyers for individuals with $300,000 in the bank, and than seal the records so that the proof of such acts are withheld from the public, there is a problem. These are High Crimes and Misdemeanors, whereby judges regularly apply the public funds to aid wealthy individuals, and than seal the records of the misappropration. Investigate the rulings in James City County and unseal the records sealed by the judges there.

The maladmistration of high office is practiced in many courts within the Commonwealth, and the House and Senate Courts of Justice Committees is well aware of the practice. They prefer to allow the continuance for their own gain. They need the backing of their respective political machines to continue in office. When presentation of testimony of wrongdoing is presented, Justice Committee members leave the hearing rooms. What they do not hear and see does not exist. There is no viable avenue for consideration of complaints. The JIRC is designed to be the “black hole” for evidence.

Mr. Albo has been informed by many people of such practices as using public funds to aid the wealthy, not allowing for presentation of evidence and backroom deals.

The Virginia State Bar and all local Bar Associations are self-policing. They are a governments unto themselves. Until there is public oversight of these brotherhoods and investigations into judges who are lawyers first, the public will continue to be raped by these individuals and their organizations.

If you want the proof of local misapproations of public funds, I have it.

Is Alan Sagar a nutty Psychiatrist?


Elizabeth Harring's objections to Judge Gaylord Finch's reappointment

Tuesday, March 22, 2011

Judge Janine Saxe is an unfit judge and must be voted out.



NEVER SHUT UP, GIVE UP OR GO AWAY







Judge Janine Saxe is an unfit judge and must be voted out. child abuser Janine Sax Janine M. Saxe ( The address or email is non-working after she became a pro tempore appointee 19th Judicial District, Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court (Fairfax, Fairfax County) Law Offices of Janine M. Saxe 4118 Leonard Drive, 2nd Floor Fairfax, VA 22030 e-mail: janinesaxe@janinesaxeattorney.com (703) 691-3201 (phone) 10201 Jaydee Blvd, Fairfax Station VA 22039 PHONE: 703 250-3346 VSB: 23407 Judge Janine Saxe while she was a Lawyer and a Guardian ad Litem for two little children...supported an Lawyer named Robert Machen who was abusing these children via the court system. That Lawyer was a buddy of Janine Saxe...so she refused to file a complaint to the Bar Association against the Lawyer even though, She is required to do so. she was assigned by the courts to protect the children's interests not her lawyer buddy's interest. see petition against Janine Saxe and Robert Machen here. Janine Saxe was made aware of Rule 3.4 of the Virginia State Bar Rules of Professional Conduct for attorneys.


A Lawyer shall not Falsify Evidence. Counsel or assist a witness to testify falsely;


  1. Ms. Saxe was made aware of Attorney Robert Machens' past record of malpractice including, falsifying documents and evidence for which he received 3 felony convictions and a 1 year prison sentence in a federal prison.


  2. Whereas, The Virginia State Bar had disciplined Mr. Machen, reprimanding him twice and suspending his license for falsifying documents. He has had district committee sanctions leveled against him.



    Three Judges appointed by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia, Honorable Judge Thomas D. Thorne, Judge Dickson L. Foster, Judge Robert K. Woltz had found by clear and convincing evidence that Mr. Machen engaged in conduct for personal advantage, involving deceit that reflects adversely on his fitness to practice law and found him guilty under DR1-102(A)(4) of code of professional responsibility.


    The Organization - Citizen for Legal Reform reports Mr. Machen has engaged in conduct which tends to undermine the administration of justice and to bring legal businesses into disrepute;


  3. See Walter Johnson's petition against Janine Saxe and Robert Machen that helped the kids. http://www.liamsdad.org/others/sveta_lisa.shtml



  4. And guess the Judge, Janine Saxe and Robert Machen were using as the Court Hanger...Yes if You guessed Judge Gaylord Finch...You are absolutely right. Birds of the same feather flock together..don't they.
  5. Divorce Corp

    A vigorous but clumsily argued expose of the corrupt family-court practices that have turned divorce into a $50 billion-a-year industry.

    Neither divorce nor marriage seems a particularly enticing prospect after a viewing of “Divorce Corp.,” a vigorous but clumsily argued expose of the corrupt family-court practices that have turned one of life’s more painful experiences into a $50 billion-a-year industry. Chock-full of slick graphics, smart talking heads, one-sided emotional appeals and flailing accusations of judicial misconduct, Joe Sorge’s documentary has a depressingly relatable subject that could garner homevid interest following brief theatrical play, even if its primary thesis — that lawyers promote their own interests, not those of the warring spouses they represent — isn’t exactly the stuff of shattering revelation.
    Fifty percent of U.S. marriages end in divorce, the film announces at the outset, followed by reams of data showing how marriage termination rates have skyrocketed ever since Ronald Reagan, then governor of California, signed the first U.S. no-fault divorce bill in 1969, making it easier than ever for couples to file for divorce, but not necessarily to complete the process. As explained by narrator Drew Pinsky (aka Dr. Drew), it’s a situation that has since been exploited by attorneys by piling on the paperwork and encouraging their clients to be as combative and unyielding as possible, knowing that a protracted court battle is the surest way to maximize billings. “People get as much justice as they can afford,” notes one observer early on.
    Attorneys, however, aren’t even the ones who come off the worst in “Divorce Corp.” Along with co-writers Philip Sternberg, James Scurlock and Blake Harjes, Sorge depicts the family court itself as an untrustworthy, user-unfriendly system of so-called justice. Here, they claim, divorcing couples are placed at the mercy of judges who are frequently irresponsible in their judgment; intolerant of those who attempt to navigate the courts without counsel (there are no court-appointed attorneys); and prejudiced in favor of lawyers who ply them with campaign contributions. The result is a court that acts not just as mediator but marketeer, conspiring to drag out the process and drain claimants’ assets in order to pay legal fees that will then, after a fashion, wind up in the judges’ pockets.
    Even if that sounds a touch conspiratorial, it’s not all that hard to believe the idea of an accountability-free system rigged to make the proceedings as sticky and expensive as possible. That so many of the film’s interview subjects are family-court officers themselves (among them celebrity attorney Gloria Allred and “Divorce Court” judge Lynn Toler) lends a certain credence to their sharp if repetitive arguments, and it’s easy enough to follow the documentary’s logic as it rails against the horrors of everything from false domestic-violence accusations to excessively high alimony and child support payments. Child custody battles, of course, take divorce to new levels of messiness and hostility, especially given the wildly inconsistent judicial standards for what is in “the best interests of the child.”
    “Divorce Corp.” is reasonably cogent when it comes to explaining divorce-court terminology and statistics, even if it comes up somewhat short in terms of actual facts and figures. The filmmakers are far less successful when they start dragging in outrageous examples of official misconduct, whether it’s a child-custody evaluator who was publicly shamed for posting explicit online photos of himself in gay fetish gear, or a judge caught abusing his own child on video. Far from spinning these isolated incidents into a persuasive argument, the film instead seems as sleazy and opportunistic as its designated villains. Even the firsthand accounts from divorced parents, giving teary-eyed testimony about having lost custody of their kids to their rotten ex-spouses, prompt a skeptical response, given that the film is essentially re-trying their cases in the court of viewer opinion.
    By way of positive contrast, the filmmakers frequently interview divorcees and legal officials from Scandinavia, where the end of a marriage is an altogether more peaceful, reasonable and economical affair; not since Michael Moore’s “Sicko” extolled the virtues of French health care has a documentary tried so hard to stir American envy at the superior European way of doing things. It’s a point that inadvertently cuts to the core of what’s wrong with “Divorce Corp.,” which encourages a strictly practical-minded, unexamined fantasy about a world where a union can be ended as quickly, cheaply and conveniently as possible. No one would argue that an expensive, acrimonious divorce is a good thing, and yet the inverse has its perils, too, in a society that takes its most important institution far too lightly; it’s hard to swallow complaints about the incredible hassle and expense of divorce from a film that hasn’t begun to grasp the value of marriage to begin with.



    Forum Support and discussion forum: Re: Bethany House Virginia - A one stop divorce shop
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    ReplyForward 4: Re: Bethany House Virginia - A one stop divorce shop (response to 3)
    Posted by kardon 1 on 05/26/04 11:27 AM
    Found two additional postings on Bethany House Virginia.
    This one seems to be a interesting shelter.

    repost: Bethany House of Northern Virginia allegat
    Posted By: bm4416
    Date: Thursday, 20 May 2004, at 9:47 p.m.


    Abuse allegations involving Bethany House Social workers.

    Want the Complete Picture? If you have read or heard stories about Sexual and emotional abuse at Bethany House of Northern Virginia, the shelter or its management or associates involved in a abuse scandal, or a story about Bethany House being a divorce shop, and want to be sure you know the complete story, check out "For the record" on the website at the following url. You might be surprised what you learn when all the information is available.

    Sexual, psychological, and emotional abuse is unconscionable and inexcusable, and even one case is too many, That said, the number of such cases at Bethany House should be put into context. The allegations cover over a period of 8 years and include any allegations, regardless of merit or credibility. More than 500 social workers, associates, volunteers have served the Bethany House since 1980, and allegations have been reported less than a hand full of times, of these most of them have been unsubstantiated. The one incident where a resident committed suicide was not due to sexual abuse, although she was a client of attorney Robert Machen going through a bitter divorce, She did not report sexual abuse. No one suspected any abuse in that particular case. The rate of abuse reported is in line with the incidence rate among society in general. >>>>>

    Despite the transgressions of a few, however, the overwhelming majority of social workers, and associates have faithfully served residents and lived a life of dedicated service to the shelter and have earned and deserve the support of the community.

    Ms. Veronica and Ms. Liang were let go as house managers because of misconduct, misappropriation of Bethany House funds and complaints of inappropriate sexual advances against the shelter residents. Hence they have a motive and a axe to grind against Bethany House.

    Mr. Machen was told not to approach the shelter or to solicit business with the shelter after several residents complained about his sexual advances against shelter residents. The shelter does not seek his pro bono services anymore.

    The reports published about Bethany House in some obscure publications by Mr. aBrahms is the first of its kind. Unfortunately, several copy cat publications at Men's rights website have exaggerated the report and published them with widely protracted allegations in print and on several websites.

    Our records do indicate allegations of abuse against social workers and volunteers who served the Bethany House since 1980. These were investigated screened out or suspended. Although we cannot be sure what parameters the reporter used in determining his number, or from what sources, it is our understanding that he included any allegation brought to his attention against any social worker, volunteer, or attorney including those from outside the Bethany House, regardless of where the alleged incident occurred and including allegations other than sexual abuse. The Bethany House does not employ attorney Robert Machen and hence we are not directly responsible for any allegations brought against him with any law enforcement agencies. We do not seek his services and neither is he directly associated with us. Since the reported allegations we have completely disassociated with his law firm and do not recommend any Bethany House clients.

    It would be inappropriate to speculate. However, we have asked the house manager of each of our shelter to encourage any witnesses or victims to bring any allegations of abuse to the Bethany House management's attention.

    The safety and welfare of residents and their families remain first and foremost in the Bethany House policy on sexual, psychological or emotional abuse. To the best of our knowledge, no one against whom there is reasonable suspicion of wrongdoing - no matter when it may have occurred - is currently in active ministry at Bethany House. However, we urge residents to continue to come forward if they have been harmed or if they suspect questionable behavior from any social worker or Bethany House staff or volunteer; they may freely inform the law enforcement or contact the Bethany House office in confidence at 703-998-8811.

    BHNV

    Bethany House Virginia - A one stop divorce shop


    Pa. Judge Guilty of Racketeering in Kickback Case
    By MICHAEL RUBINKAM Associated Press
    SCRANTON, Pa. February 18, 2011 (AP)

    A former juvenile court judge who sent large numbers of children to detention centers was convicted Friday of racketeering for taking a $1 million kickback from the builder of the for-profit lockups, in what prosecutors said was a "kids for cash" scheme that ranks among the biggest courtroom frauds in U.S. history.

    Former Luzerne County Judge Mark Ciavarella, 61, left the bench in disgrace two years ago after he and a second judge, Michael Conahan, were accused of using juvenile delinquents as pawns in a plot to get rich. The Pennsylvania Supreme Court has dismissed 4,000 juvenile convictions issued by Ciavarella, saying he sentenced young offenders without regard for their constitutional rights.

    Federal prosecutors accused Ciavarella and Conahan of taking more than $2 million in bribes from the builder of the PA Child Care and Western PA Child Care detention centers and extorting hundreds of thousands of dollars from the facilities' co-owner.

    A federal jury in Scranton convicted Ciavarella of 12 counts, including racketeering, money laundering and conspiracy, but acquitted him of 27 counts, including extortion. He is likely to get a prison sentence of more than 12 years, according to prosecutors — who revealed after the verdicts that a reputed mob boss turned informant helped them make their case.

    Ciavarella insisted the payments were legal and denied that he incarcerated youths for money — a position he defiantly clung to even after he was convicted of a charge, racketeering, that federal prosecutors often use to go after mobsters.

    "Never took a dime to send a kid anywhere. If that was the case, that would have been in this trial. Never happened. Never, ever happened. This case was about extortions and kickbacks, not about 'kids for cash,'" said Ciavarella, who plans to appeal.

    He was allowed to remain free pending sentencing, a decision that galled parents of juveniles who appeared before the judge. Ciavarella often ordered youths he had found delinquent to be immediately shackled, handcuffed and taken away without giving them a chance to say goodbye to their families. Some of the children he ordered locked up were as young as 10.

    The mother of a former defendant who was jailed by Ciavarella — and who later killed himself — confronted the judge on the courthouse steps, screaming obscenities and even poking him as he and his attorneys held a news conference.

    "My kid's not here anymore!" yelled Sandy Fonzo, whose son committed suicide last year at age 23. "He's dead! Because of him! He ruined my ... life! I'd like him to go to hell and rot there forever!"

    Ciavarella glanced at Fonzo, then turned his back.

    Fonzo's son, Edward Kenzakowski, was a 17-year-old all-star wrestler with no prior record when he landed in Ciavarella's courtroom for possession of drug paraphernalia. She said her son never recovered from the months he served at the detention centers and a wilderness camp.

    Tears streaming down her face, Fonzo said she couldn't believe Ciavarella was allowed to walk out of the courthouse.

    "There's no justice, there's not. He's never going to get what he deserves," she said. "I just wanted to see him handcuffed and taken out. But when I saw him just being released with that stupid smirk on his face ..."

    The jury found Ciavarella guilty of taking a $997,600 kickback from Robert Mericle, the builder of the juvenile facilities — money he was ordered to forfeit to the federal government after the verdicts were announced. He was also convicted of failing to report the payments on his state-mandated financial disclosure forms and failing to pay taxes on the income. Jurors acquitted him of extorting Robert Powell, the facilities' developer and co-owner.

    The defense declared victory. "We're amazed. The jury rejected 95 percent of the government's case," said attorney Al Flora.

    "I find it interesting," U.S. Attorney Peter Smith said in response, "that a man just convicted of racketeering is claiming any sort of a victory out there today. I wonder what he would consider a defeat."

    Prosecutors alleged that Conahan, who pleaded guilty to racketeering last year, and Ciavarella plotted to shut down the dilapidated county-run juvenile detention center in 2002 and arrange for the construction of the PA Child Care facility outside Wilkes-Barre.

    Ciavarella, who presided over juvenile court, sent youths to the center and later to its sister facility in western Pennsylvania while he was taking payments from Mericle, a prominent builder and close friend of Ciavarella, and Powell, a high-powered attorney.

    Luzerne County paid Powell's company more than $30 million between 2003 and 2007 to house juveniles at PA Child Care and Western PA Child Care. The county could have built its own juvenile center for about $9 million, according to testimony.

    In dismissing thousands of Ciavarella's convictions, the state high court said he ran his courtroom with "complete disregard for the constitutional rights of the juveniles," including the right to legal counsel and the right to intelligently enter a plea.

    Hundreds of youths and their families are suing Ciavarella and Conahan in federal court, but Smith said the judges' handling of juvenile cases did not figure into the federal prosecution for legal and evidentiary reasons.

    "We're very sympathetic to the pain to the community that was caused here by the conduct of the defendant as a juvenile court judge, and we're fully aware of the deep anguish that many parents and many juveniles feel. But the federal criminal courts are not the appropriate venue to resolve that issue fully," he said.

    Ciavarella, who took the stand in his own defense, acknowledged to jurors that he failed to report the payments on his tax returns and hid them from the public, but he denied any plot to take kickbacks or extort money.

    Ciavarella told jurors that he thought he was legally entitled to Mericle's money, calling it a "finder's fee" for introducing Mericle to Powell.

    Ciavarella also denied that he extorted Powell, who had testified for the prosecution that he was forced to pay the judges nearly $600,000 after they agreed to send juvenile delinquents to his new lockup. The payments were disguised as rent on a Florida condominium owned by the judges' wives.

    It was Conahan who made the arrangements with Powell, Ciavarella insisted. He said Conahan told him that Powell had agreed to pay them $15,000 a month for 60 months to lease the waterfront Florida property. Prosecutors scoffed at that explanation, questioning why Powell would pay nearly $1 million in rent on a condo he could have purchased outright for less than $800,000.

    Officials disclosed for the first time Friday that they were led to the judges by the reputed boss of a northeastern Pennsylvania Mafia family. William D'Elia — who regularly met for breakfast with Conahan — became a government informant after his 2006 arrest on charges of witness tampering and conspiracy to launder drug money.

    "D'Elia led us to Judge Conahan," said Assistant U.S. Attorney Gordon Zubrod. "From there we began to focus on them, the financial dealings between Judge Conahan, Judge Ciavarella, Mericle, Powell."

    D'Elia won a sentence reduction last year based on his cooperation in another criminal case and could be released as early as next year.

    Ciavarella and Conahan initially pleaded guilty in February 2009 to honest services fraud and tax evasion in a deal that called for a sentence of more than seven years in prison. But their plea deals were rejected by Senior U.S. District Judge Edward M. Kosik, who ruled they had failed to accept responsibility for their actions.

    A federal grand jury in Harrisburg subsequently indicted the judges on charges of racketeering, fraud, money laundering, bribery, extortion and tax offenses. Conahan pleaded guilty to a single racketeering charge last year and awaits sentencing. Mericle and Powell pleaded guilty to lesser offenses and testified against Ciavarella; both await sentencing.

    Ciavarella faces a maximum of 157 years in prison at sentencing, but will more likely receive 12½ years to about 15½ years under federal sentencing guidelines, prosecutors said.

    PA Child Care and Western PA Child Care remain open and continue to accept juveniles from many Pennsylvania counties, though Luzerne County no longer sends delinquents to them.

    http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory?id=12951538&page=3


    Elizabeth Harring's objections to Judge Gaylord Finch's reappointment
  6. Family Court – A Brilliant Racket
     Janine Saxe is a racketeer for the Bar Association when she was the Bar president: Guess who nominated her for a JDR Judge...The Racketeers electing the racketeering lawyers.



  7. Contact: groberts@fclu.org


     
    Family court is the one safe haven available to families who seek to solve their differences during one of the most vulnerable and sensitive times in their lives.  By contrast, family  court is also the one place that has been engineered by lawyers and lawmakers to deliberately and deceptively defraud families of their life savings, college funds, homes and sometimes even their relationships with their children.  By creating legislation that benefits the family law profession, lawmakers have engineered a brilliant system of racketeering, corruption, fraud and collusion that exploits and extorts families every day in every state in the nation.
    By using a well  honed, scripted formula of deliberate false allegations, lawyers create conflict between family members as well as between families and the court system for an almost continuous cash flow.  For instance, a Domestic Violence complaint is often the first step lawyers recommend their client’s use to get a spouse permanently removed from his or her home.  Law dictates that one phone call without proof is all  that is necessary.  Studies show that this initial trick is used every 32 seconds in America.  Next come allegations of drug or alcohol abuse, mental instability, child molestation or a host of other accusations that all have “Experts” ready to analyze the victim(s) for a handsome fee.  Each allegation then receives a legally binding court order from the Judge to be examined by the “Experts” all of whom are in fact friends of the family court system and the Judges.  The Judge removes children from the accused parent as standard practice which assures parental compliance and gets the cash to flow.
    Over the course of the next four to 20 months it takes the experts to work through the issues, the children are emotionally victimized while the parents are defrauded of huge sums of money.  Often the accused parent realizes what is happening but their legal counsel tells them to be quiet or the Judge will punish them.  The other parent believes in the system because they are on the offensive and have been sold on the idea by their legal counsel that it’s a winning strategy.  It is this psychological warfare that makes the system so potentially dangerous for families yet so lucrative for the legal system.  And the collusion amongst the industry players creates a bond of mutual cooperation and enviable hourly billing
    The family court system turns what could be a 30-day divorce into multiple years of legal abuse, exploitation, extortion and fraud.  Once in the family court system, people become entrapped.  This is so routine that there are literally tens of thousands of cases to prove this system is well used, well-engineered and quasi-legalized by the very lawyers and Judges that control the system.  Divorce has become $100 Billion business with lawyers routinely making $300k – $1M per year – many times coming from straight from children’s college funds and parent’s retirement funds.  Studies show that 120,000 families are bankrupted each year when thrown into the divorce court system. When parents emerge from the system, many have Post Traumatic Stress Disorder.
    Family Court – perceived as a safe haven for divorcing families.  Family Court – a system of well-engineered racketeering, extortion and fraud aimed at families at their most vulnerable time.  Even the honest lawyers are banned from speaking out against the judiciary under penalty of being disbarred.  It’s an absolutely brilliant system of organized crime cloaked as a benign, helpful government necessity yet designed by some of the best and brightest minds in the country and made legal by them.  The facts can not be disputed.  The damages provable.

  8. Ms. Urbana of Washington D.C. related to Janine Saxe....Hard to believe.


  9. 5 Children Stolen by CPS in Virginia


    Abusive Fairfax Judge Langhorne Keith removed by concerned parents...No thanks to the Fairfax Bar association

    Finch Flap before Virginia General Assembly - Gaylord Finch - Goodby corrupt Judge

Senator,

So far this session, there have been two significant events.  First, the Courts of Justice Committees decided to reconsider the reappointment of Judge Gaylord Finch because of his misdeeds.  Then, Chief Justice Hassell threatened the same committee with possible legal action if they disclosed the results of this year’s Judicial Performance Evaluations.  These events highlight two facts:

  1. We have some bad judges, and
  2. The judiciary would rather hide that fact than gets its own house in order.

Last year, Judge Chuck Griffith was removed from the Norfolk Circuit Court and the year before that Delegate Ken Melvin unsuccessfully attempted to remove Judge Sword from the Portsmouth Circuit Court.  While some people said these situations were political, they are further evidence that we have bad judges and it’s difficult to remove them. 

The real problem, though, is that these judges are not the exception.  All over the Commonwealth, many judges routinely ignore the law, ignore the evidence and trample on the rights of litigants.  Some of the worst offenders are (according to http://vacriminaljustice.webs.com/judgesratings.htm) Judge Paul Gluckowski , Manassas;  Retired Judge Alfred Swersky, Prince William County; Judge Christopher Hutton, 8th Judicial Circuit;  Judge William Sharp, City Of Winchester; Judge Elizabeth Kellas, Winchester; Judge William Sharp, Warren County; Judge Randall Smith, Chesapeake Circuit, Judge Gary A. Hicks, Henrico Circuit Court; Judge Janice Brice, Prince William County JDR; Judge Charles Lincon, Marion; and (according to Virginia Beach Commonwealth’s Attorney Harvey Bryant) the entire Virginia Beach Circuit.

Last year Chief Justice Hassell commented about the “challenges” they face in improving “…the quality of justice…” they provide. He noted that the judges were “fallible”, but his actions show that the judiciary is either incapable or unwilling to fix its problems. 

The JIRC ignores valid complaints.  The Court of Appeals rubber stamps bad decisions by saying they can’t become the “tryer of fact.”  They use “judicial discretion” as the excuse to justify biased decisions.

To fix this problem WE NEED HOUSE BILL 2526 (Judicial performance evaluation program; Survey & Evaluation Research Laboratory, etc. administer.).  It provides 2 of the 3 elements necessary to improve the current system.

  1. Judicial performance evaluations will be done by an independent entity so their release can’t be blocked as they were this year.
  2. The results will be reported to the GA yearly on all judges rather than just during a judge’s reappointment year.  A bad judge can destroy many lives and cost the Commonwealth billions in 8 years. 
  3. The evaluations will include input from the litigants since most cases don’t have attorneys, juries or social services involvement.


There is no other entity in the country--not even the President--that has no oversight and no accountability to anyone outside itself.  This uncontrolled judiciary is one of the biggest problems facing Virginia.  "Absolute power corrupts absolutely,” and that's where our courts are now.  It’s time to restore “checks and balances.”

Finch flap now before VA Supreme Court

Hot Potato Judge Gaylord Finch

UPDATE: Finch flap now before VA Supreme Court

The pitchfork rebellion over the reappointment of Fairfax Circuit Court Judge Gaylord Finch to another eight-year term is not over, despite a thumbs up by the Northern Virginia delegation and an almost certain vote in his favor by the Courts of Justice Committee chaired by Del. Dave Albo, R-Springfield.

Liz Haring, a Leesburg mom who is currently appealing Judge Finch’s ruling in her custody case, filed a petition with the Virginia Supreme Court Wednesday, asking the commonwealth’s highest court to stop legislators from proceeding with Finch’s reappointment process.

In documents filed with the court, Haring points out that state law requires that “the Supreme Court, or its designee, shall transmit a report of the evaluation in the final year of the term of each justice and judge whose term expires during the next session of the General Assembly to the chairmen of the House and Senate Committees for Courts of Justice.”

Haring alleges that Linda Birtley, who heads the Judicial Performance Evaluation office at Virginia Commonwealth University, submitted JPEs for other judges on Aug. 28, 2008 – but curiously not one for Judge Finch. The petition argues that absent Finch’s JPE, which is required by the Virginia Code, Albo and his fellow COJ members have no legal authority to recertify him.

Haring also asks that the evaluation done by the Fairfax Bar Association, which is not required by state law, be made a matter of public record since it was discussed during Finch’s Jan. 10 judicial interview – and none of the legislators present made a proper motion to hold a closed meeting as required by Virginia’s Freedom of Information Act.

Finally, Haring argues that Albo had no constitutional authority to accept a letter submitted to the Supreme Court by Finch himself – which states that he intends to retire at the end of 2009 – as a condition of the judge’s recertification. There is no provision in the Virginia Constitution to appoint a judge for less than eight years or make his/her reappointment conditional on a promise to retire, Haring claims, so there is no way to enforce Finch’s promised retirement if he gets back on the bench.

The petition asks for relief in the form of a complete JPE to be submitted to the members of Courts of Justice and another public interview of Finch - with more public testimony allowed. It’s hard to see how the Virginia Supreme Court can say no to what amounts to a citizen’s insistence that the court follow its own procedures.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Abusive Judge Gaylord Finch of Fairfax Circuit Court Must be voted out

Abusive Judge Janine Saxe of Fairfax Juvenile Court Must be voted out.

Pitchfork rebellion against Judge Finch

Article from Washington Times: Pitchfork Rebellion against Judge Gaylord Finch

A lot of Virginians are coming out of the woodwork and demanding that the General Assembly refuse to reappoint Fairfax Circuit Court Judge Gaylord Finch. The complaints are coming close to critical mass.

Virginia and South Carolina are the only two states in which legislators appoint judges. Partisan fighting between the Republican-controlled House and Democratic-controlled state Senate delayed many nominations last session. But Virginia lawmakers also have the power to deny a judge reappointment if he/she fails to live up to expectations.

A bill submitted by former delegate and current state attorney general Robert McDonnell created a panel to review judges’ performance of circuit, general district, and juvenile and domestic relations judges. It went into effect for the first time this year. Legislators are supposed to rate judges by their record on the bench instead of just rubber-stamping them for another term.

And they’re getting an earful from irate defendants who feel their rights were violated by Judge Finch. One man claims Judge Finch refused to enter a final order in his case – for four years !– leaving him in a legal no-man’s-land. Another reportedly told the FBI that Finch routinely hears criminal cases in which the defense attorney is his golfing buddy and a frequent houseguest.

A former Fairfax County resident told members of the Courts of Justice Committee that Finch ridiculed and mocked her when she appeared pro se in his courtroom in an attempt to regain custody of her young daughter. Another man complained that in 2005, Judge Finch systematically denied him his constitutional rights when he was charged with trespassing for attending a school party for his Down’s syndrome son at this ex-wife’s invitation. He claims that Judge Finch refused to rule on his motions to dismiss, wouldn’t let the proceedings be recorded by the court reporter present, or even let the defendant present evidence or rebut witnesses.

Finch is also accused of holding ex parte hearings on a custody and child support case and ordering the wrongful imprisonment of a man on false child abuse charges that were later overturned. And the Fairfax County Coalition of Advocates for Public Schools blasted Judge Finch’s handling of the controversial western boundary redistricting case.

Any one of these complaints should give legislators pause as they reconsider reappointing Judge Finch. Taken together, however, they paint such a disturbing picture of judicial arrogance and disdain for the constitutional rights of citizens as to render him unfit for the bench.

Many Complaints about Virginia Judge Finch Jr.

Below is a letter from Wes Smith regarding his victimization by the corrupt Circuit Court "Judge" Gaylord Finch, who Rob Whitfield cited in his speech as unfit for reappointment.

Dishonorable Virginia Judge Gaylord Finch Jr.

Delegate Albo,

I have heard that Judge Finch of the Fairfax County Circuit Court is up for re-appointment. I believe his reappointment should be denied due to his demonstrated misconduct in putting his personal interests ahead of fulfilling even the most basic of judicial duties. He has blatantly violated his oath of office to uphold the Constitution of the United States and Virginia.

I had posted information about an acquaintance's custody case that in part involved Judge Finch. Judge Finch was unhappy with the comments on my website and I heard from multiple sources that he was upset about it. He even ordered the person involved to demand I remove the comments from my website. That alone is improper interference by a government official of my First Amendment protected Right to Free Speech.

Later when I was arrested for attending my handicapped son's school party Judge Finch heard the case. Given the numerous Judges there was about a 90% change of randomly getting any judge other than Finch. It would appear he took the case to get even with me for my website, his conduct during the 'trial' confirms that view.

During the course of the 'trial' Judge Finch denied me all of the basic elements of a fair trial as required by both the U.S. and Virginia Constitutions. He denied me:

1. My right to call witnesses in my defense.

The superintendent of the school district had stated to many people in writing why the school had me arrested. His written statement directly contradicted the statements of the prosecutions main witness (claimed the court order prohibited me, quite the opposite and easy to prove with certified copy of custody order). Judge Finch quashed my properly filed and served subpoena for the school superintendent.

2. My right to present evidence

Judge Finch also refused to let me play the audio recording of the incident for the jury or to provide the jury with the transcripts of the incident. There aren't many trials where the entire incident from start to finish was recorded and is available for the Jury to listen to. It was a violation of my Constitutional right to prevent me from playing that to the jury so they could hear for themselves exactly what happened. Judge Finch also refused to let me present the transcripts made from the recording even though I had case citations that said he was required to do so. On top of that, without letting me call the superintendent as a witness, Judge Finch also would not accept as evidence the emailed statements that he made that would have damaged the prosecution's case.

Judge Finch was so blatant in denying information to the Jury that even when the Jury sent him a question during deliberation he refused to answer it even though the recording or transcripts would have answered it conclusively.

3. My right to properly cross examine witnesses and impeach their testimony.

Judge Finch wouldn't let me use the recordings or transcripts of the incident to impeach the witnesses testimony. The jury would likely have taken a much different view of the testimony if I had been allowed to play the short recording a prove conclusively that the witnesses were lying (intentionally or unintentionally).

4. Refused to rule at all on my properly and timely filed motion to dismiss.

He didn't deny my motion, he refused to make a ruling on the motion, as the only ruling available to him would have been to dismiss the case and that didn't fit his plan of payback for my website. This motion was drafted at the suggestion of a Circuit Court law clerk who took the time to contact me before the trial and point out there was no grounds to charge me with any crime as the case law is that if you think you have a right to be on the property, even if you are mistaken, you are not guilty of criminal trespass. Given that I had a custody order that said the mother must invite me, the mother did in fact invite me, the school invited me, and state law and school policy also require the school to let me attend, its clear that I had every reason to think I had a right to be on the property to attend my son's party, which is confirmed by my going to the office as soon as I entered the building, telling them what I was there for, and then following their directions to sign in and take a visitor badge.

http://www.liamsdad.org/court_case/trespassing/2005_09_26_motion_dismiss.pdf

5. Refused to appoint an attorney for me even though I had been ruled indigent and had filed a motion asking for an attorney to be appointed.

Judge Finch also violated the judicial ethics requirements when he denied my oral motion to recuse himself.

Clearly with the public statements I had published about him and with it widely known among noncustodial parents that Judge Finch was very upset with me about it, it clearly appeared he had a conflict of interest. Instead he lied in court and said he had never heard of me or my website, a fact easily proven wrong by the court clerk who has official records of the case I reported that specify my name, home address, phone, web site address, etc and state that the defendant must contact me and have me remove information about him from the website.

The only think Judge Finch did 'right' at all during the 'trial' was to deny me my right to have a record of the hearing in order to prevent me from appealing his ruling or exposing his misconduct publicly.

However denying an indigent defendant the use of a court reporter or a recording device is another violation of Due Process and another reason why Judge Finch is unfit to be a judge in Virginia. I had brought my own recording device to the courthouse but he would not let me use it, and there was a court reporter sitting there but he ordered her not to record the hearing.

Please note that if you would like more info on Judge Finch or the so called 'trial' information is available on my website, including the motions, recordings of the incident, transcripts, photos, etc. You can take a look yourself and then ask 'why did Judge Finch break the law to convict someone who can prove he was innocent'.

http://www.liamsdad.org/court_case/trespassing/trespassing.shtml

http://www.liamsdad.org/hall_of_shame/gay_finch.shtml

Judge Finch should be removed as his continued presence in Virginia Courts is a mockery of justice. If he is willing to violate the constitution in order to stick me with a $100 fine for using my First Amendment Rights in a minor case, he certainly can't be trusted to properly handle the serious cases that come to circuit courts.

Is there anything I can do to help provide more information to help with denying his reappointment? If so please use my contact info below.

Sincerely,

Wes Smith

---------------

Liam's Dad - Wesley Smith

http://www.liamsdad.org

liamsdad@liamsdad.org

703-348-7766

...judges should be withdrawn from the bench whose erroneous biases are leading us to dissolution. It may, indeed, injure them in fame or fortune, but it saves the Republic...

-Thomas Jefferson

Kangaroo court. Term descriptive of a sham legal proceeding in which a person's rights are totally disregarded and in which the result is a foregone conclusion because of the bias of the court.

- Black's Law Dictionary

The DC Examiner has published an article about Judge Finch: http://www.dcexaminer.com/opinion/blogs/SharpSticks/Pitchfork_rebellion_against_Judge_Finch_.html

VIDEOS: CITIZEN SPEECHES TO VIRGINIA STATE REPS 1/10/09;

You can go to www.youtube.com/markyoung12 for the 12 most recent videos, or follow the below links:

Mark Young

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e4ilMCh_mJ4

Tom Porter

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A17L0LwRRw8

Marsha Maines

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jYe_b4uzjII

Atty. Isidoro Rodriguez

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VAkEfjcA5sQ

Susan Backus, PhD., psychologist

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EP4M71k_yWI

Christopher Quincer, former Marine

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lshXYyuHvGQ

Mike McCormick, Pres. ACFC

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x-Wp-QWJ2hM

Nancy Hey

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NVvHoK5Yg8w

Christopher Slitor

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gBmOVKHRdK4

Gerry Schumacher

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2WJz4FdrRiQ

Rob Whitfield

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBzqnpCkYXg

Bruce Novitsky

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJ1jijVele0

Mark Young

www.youtube.com/markyoung

www.ExiledFathers.org

"The germ of destruction of our nation is in the power of the judiciary, an irresponsible body - working like gravity by night and by day, gaining a little today and a little tomorrow, and advancing its noiseless step like a thief over the field of jurisdiction, until all shall render powerless the checks of one branch over the other and will become as venal and oppressive as the government from which we separated." - Thomas Jefferson

"Power is the great evil with which we are contending. We have divided power between three branches of government and erected checks and balances to prevent abuse of power. However, where is the check on the power of the judiciary? If we fail to check the power of the judiciary, I predict that we will eventually live under judicial tyranny." - Patrick Henry

"If you see injustice and say nothing, you have taken the side of the oppressor." - Desmund Tutu.

"The person who has nothing for which he is willing to fight, nothing which is more important than his own personal safety, is a miserable creature and has no chance of being free unless made and kept so by the exertions of better men than himself." - John Stuart Mill